Calculadora de Resolución ADC/DAC
Voltaje LSB, ENOB y rango dinámico
Required Parameters
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Quick Answer
LSB = Vref / 2^N. A 12-bit ADC with 3.3V reference has LSB = 0.806mV. Dynamic range = 6.02N + 1.76 dB.
Design Notes
More bits doesn't always mean more accuracy — noise floor, INL/DNL, and reference stability limit ENOB. A noisy 16-bit ADC may only achieve 12 ENOB. Use averaging (oversampling) to gain extra effective bits: 4× oversampling ≈ +1 bit. Always decouple the reference voltage with 100nF + 10µF.
Common Mistakes
- 1
Confusing resolution with accuracy — a 24-bit ADC with a noisy reference may only be accurate to 16 bits.
- 2
Ignoring input impedance requirements — SAR ADCs need low-impedance sources.
- 3
Not accounting for the ±0.5 LSB quantization error inherent in all ADCs.
Knowledge Base
¿Qué es la resolución de un ADC?
Número de niveles discretos: 2^N. 12 bits = 4096 niveles. LSB = Vref/2^N. Un ADC de 12 bits con 3.3V resuelve 0.806mV por paso.
¿Qué es ENOB?
Bits Efectivos = (SINAD - 1.76) / 6.02. Un ADC de 16 bits con 90 dB SINAD tiene ENOB = 14.7. Los bits restantes son ruido.
¿Cómo mejoro la precisión?
Hardware: referencia de voltaje dedicada, desacople 100nF+10µF. Software: sobremuestreo (4× lecturas = +1 bit), calibración, filtrado digital.
¿SAR vs Delta-Sigma vs Flash?
SAR: 8-18 bits, uso general. Delta-Sigma: 16-32 bits, máxima resolución, medición de precisión. Flash: 4-8 bits, >1Gsps, osciloscopios.
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